Among the highlights are his famous image of a flea and his coining of the term cell to describe the boxlike cells of cork shown in the image, which reminded him of the cells in a monastery. Everyday low prices and free delivery on eligible orders. He then said that it was the cleverest book he had ever read. Micrographia project gutenberg selfpublishing ebooks. Robert hooke was the english scientist and inventor who wrote the 1665 book micrographia, in which he coined the term cell for a basic biological structure. First published in 1664, the book contains beautiful illustrations of some of the specimens hooke viewed under the microscopes that he designed. Who is robert hooke robert hooke facts dk find out.
Apr 02, 2015 2015 is the 350 th anniversary of the publication of micrographia by robert hooke. As a young adult, he was a financially impoverished scientific inquirer, but came into wealth and good reputation following his actions as surveyor to the city of london after the great fire of 1666 in which he appears to have performed more than half of all. Fellow of this society, entituled, micrographia, or some physiological descriptions of minute bodies, made by magnifying glasses, with observations and inquiries thereupon, be printed by john martyn, and james allestry, printers to the said society. He published a book, micrographia, which had lots of drawings of the things he had seen through his microscope, including a flea. Robert hooke for ks1 and ks2 children robert hooke homework. Robert hooke was the first to use a microscope to observe living things. Hooke also taught himself technical drawing, a skill he used to capture observations through his microscope.
Mar 29, 2005 free kindle book and epub digitized and proofread by project gutenberg. View a digital version of robert hookes micrographia. Micrographia by robert hooke london, 1665 posted on 27 march 20 by felicityhen unless youre lucky enough to be an academic or a rare books librarian you probably dont get much opportunity to read copies of the books hooke had in his library. You are about to open a book that revolutionized the art of scientific investigation. Micrographia by robert hooke page in the teaching with unique collections site. Hooke illustrated the microscope in his micrographia, one of the first detailed treatises on microscopy and imaging. Hooke s wonderful discoveries by the microscope, reprinted and fully explained. There had been a few who attempted what hooke would famously accomplish, and many others who would follow, expanding and refining what hooke had done by reading the tracts he left for them. Micrographia by robert hooke, 1665 the british library. The scientific revolution was in full swing in 1665. The micrographia, published under the aegis of the royal society, hookes observations were the first to be carried out with an improved compound microscope, and the first to describe the.
The book is full of beautiful drawings of creatures and plants seen through the microscope. Robert was also the first man to state in general that air is made up of particles separated from each other by relatively large distances and that all matter expands when heated. Discuss how the microscope and hookes micrographiachanged the understanding of insects in the 17th century, and their influence on the founding of entomology as a scientific field. His book, micrographia, was the first important work on microscopy. Free kindle book and epub digitized and proofread by project gutenberg. Hooke was one of a small handful of scientists to embrace the first microscopes, improve. This is a new and freshly published edition of this culturally important work by robert hooke, which is now, at last, again available to you. Robert hooke was a member of the royal society, the first scientists proper in england. Robert hooke, english physicist who discovered the law of elasticity, known as hookes law, and who did research in a remarkable variety of fields. Or some physiological descriptions of minute bodies made by magnifying glasses with observations and inquiries thereupon robert hooke science heritage, limited, 1667 microscope and microscopy 246 pages.
Published in 1665, hooke uses the book to suggest a new way of doing science, through careful. But perhaps his most notable discovery came in 1665 when he looked at a sliver of cork through a microscope lens and discovered cells. Robert hooke project gutenberg selfpublishing ebooks. His book micrographia shown here, was the first important work on microscopy the study of minute objects by means of a microscope.
In january 1665, samuel pepys described micrographia as the most ingenious book that ever i read in my life. The large more than two feet square drawings are staggering. In his book micrographia 1665, hooke published a series of observations made with magnifying lenses. Hooke, micrographia 1665 the library has digitized the plates for robert hooke 16351703, micrographia, or some physiological descriptions of minute bodies made by magnifying glasses with observations and inquiries thereupon london, printed by j. Jul 21, 2011 robert hooke 16351703 was the great pioneer, but he was not alone. Hooke described in detail the structure of feathers, the stinger of a bee, the radula, or tongue, of mollusks, and the. Micrographia is a historically significant book by robert hooke about his observations through various lenses. Micrographia some physiological descriptions of minute bodies made by magnifying glasses with observations and inquiries thereupon. Micrographia the complete facsimile of the first printing.
Micrographiahookes, at project gutenberg downloadable collections, including searchable ascii text and book as complete html document with images micrographiahookes, at linda hall library robert boyle and robert hooke. Robert hooke at the end of his 28page preface to micrographia 1 1665 ive written elsewhere in this blog about robert hooke, and how, if there had somehow and impossibly been no newton, he mightve taken sir isaacs place in the popular mind. A member of the royal society from 1663, hooke was accomplished in. Jan, 2020 robert hooke july 18, 1635march 3, 1703 was a 17thcentury natural philosopheran early scientistnoted for a variety of observations of the natural world. Or some physiological descriptions of minute bodies made by magnifying glasses with observations and inquiries thereupon robert hooke science heritage, limited, 1665 microscope and microscopy 246 pages. Hooke published micrographia in 1665 when he was 30 years old. Hooke, micrographia 1665 hunt institute for botanical. Lma looks after robert hookes diary, which has been made part of the unesco uk memory of the world register and there will be an. Hooke was the scientist who coined the term cell, so we refer to the billions of tiny pieces that make up.
Robert hooke for ks1 and ks2 children robert hooke. This beautiful microscope was made for the famous british scientist robert hooke in the late 1600s, and was one of the most elegant microscopes built during the period. Hookes drawing of his microscope from micrographia. These two and threelens microscopes were designed and used by robert hooke and made by christopher cock, london, shortly before 1665. Hookes images, which persist among the most wellknown depictions in all of science, appeared along with other natural and fabricated marvels of the microscopic world in micrographia 1665. Perhaps one of his most wellknown contributions to science was the law of elasticity, known as hookes law, which states that the extension of a spring or wire caused by an applied force is proportional to the force. This scholarly tome, by robert hooke, was the first to use the new microscope to investigate the previously. Micrographia is a historic book by robert hooke, detailing the then. It is particularly notable for being the first book to illustrate insects, plants etc. The micrographia, described by the diarist samuel pepys as the most ingenious book that i ever read. Finally available, a high quality book of the original classic edition of micrographia. He also came up with a theory of elasticity, called hookes law, which was an important contribution to physics. Micrographia was the first book in english to show observations made under a microscope. Robert hookes micrographia is best known for its greatly magnified views of.
Hooke also played an important part in nonscientific activities in london. Micrographia by robert hooke free ebook project gutenberg. He most famously discovered the law of elasticity or hookes law and did a huge amount of work on microbiology he published a famous book called micrographia, which included sketches of various natural things under a microscope. Hookes work probably the most influential book in the entire history of microscopy more information on this edition can be found through the. The many illustrations which are frequently referenced can. Hooke published, under the title micrographia, the results of his microscopic observations on several plant tissues. Scientist robert hooke 16351703 was passionately curious, had an instinctive understanding of science, and was endlessly inventive. He did all kinds of experiments about anything he could think of, but this books is mainly about his discoveries made with the microscope.
Another famous image from the book is hookes study of cork under a microscope. Henry power published before hooke, but powers book has only a few crude woodcuts. However, the author of this book is much less wellknown than his celebrated work. Microscope manufactured by christopher white of london for robert hooke. Published in january 1665, the first major publication of the royal society, it became the first scientific bestseller, inspiring a wide public interest in the new. Or some physiological descriptions of minute bodies made by magnifying glasses with observations and inquiries thereupon history of microscopy series micrographia. Hooke worked in the royal society as head of experiments and his scientific interests were wide. A contemporary of sir isaac newton, hooke was curator of experiments at the royal society and professor of geometry at gresham college.
Robert hookes diary and micrographia teaching resources. Magnificent facsimile of hookes groundbreaking work introducing the microscope to the scientific community of 17th century. Hooke devised the compound microscope and illumination system shown above, one of the best such microscopes of his time, and used it in his demonstrations at the royal societys meetings. Complete with plates and illustrations of early observations. Prior to 1665, most humans were unaware that the microscopic world existed. To commemorate his birthday, we are featuring his book micrographia as julys item of the month.
By the council of the royal society of london for improving of natural knowledge. Video of robert hooke and his discoveries britannica. The project gutenberg ebook of micrographia, by robert hooke. As such, it was the first book to properly visually communicate the natural world. In 1665, hooke published micrographia, his masterpiece detailing his microscopic observations. Hookes books banner featuring images of the title page from micrographia with. Oct 31, 2014 the micrographia, published under the aegis of the royal society, hookes observations were the first to be carried out with an improved compound microscope, and the first to describe the. Before van leeuwenhoeks discovery of microorganisms in 1675, it had been a mystery why grapes could be turned into wine, milk into cheese, or why food would spoil. But that year, robert hooke published his groundbreaking micrographiaa book that revealed this previously unseen and unknown world. A gifted student with a particular talent for mechanics, hooke was educated at oxford, where he assisted robert boyle with his successful air pump experiments. One of these is robert hookes groundbreaking 1665 work micrographia, the first book in english to be devoted to microscopy. The classics of medicine library edition is out of stock. Although some plant specimens are featured, the work is renowned for its exquisite drawings of insects under magnification.
But perhaps his most notable discovery came in 1665 when he looked at a sliver of cork through a. Micrographia is a historic book by robert hooke, detailing the then thirtyyearold hooke s observations through various lenses. This book, micrographia, was the first important work on microscopy, the study of minute objects through a microscope. Using a microscope of his own construction, english scientist robert hooke 16351703 discovered a virtually unexplored world. Robert hooke was still in his twenties when he wrote micrographia, yet in this single volume revealed the immense potential of a single instrument, the microscope, and the many brilliant speculations of a multifaceted mind. It recreates these in large, fullpage sometimes foldout illustrations. After acknowledging the king and the royal society, the book covered a wide range of topics from the construction of microscopes themselves, to the spectrum of color, the molecular causes of fire, the crystal. Biography of robert hooke, the man who discovered cells. First published in 1665, it contains largescale, finely detailed illustrations of some of the specimens hooke viewed under the microscopes he designed.
Robert hooke july 18, 1635march 3, 1703 was a 17thcentury natural philosopheran early scientistnoted for a variety of observations of the natural world. Buy micrographia the complete facsimile of the first printing of 1665 by hooke, robert isbn. At the time, hooke was the curator of experiments for the royal society. Robert hooke was a renaissance man a jack of all trades, and a master of many. Robert hooke uses the then fairly new microscope to cover many different subjects including insects, plants, organic material, and even the stars and moon, all. Hookes wonderful discoveries by the microscope, reprinted and fully explained. The book was an expression of 30yearold hookes life, complex with both remarkable technical skills and careful inquiry. Hookes reputation in the history of biology largely rests on his book micrographia, published in 1665. He was the first man to state in general that all matter expands when heated and that air is made up of particles separated from each other by relatively large distances.
Micrographia the original classic edition by robert. The main tube of the replica microscope on the right, from hooke s design, is 7 inches long and 4 inches in diameter, made of leathercovered cardboard. Micrographia the original classic edition by robert hooke. Micrographia definition of micrographia by medical. It is the first book to illustrate plants and animals as seen through the microscope, and the stunning illustrations capture minute details such as the intricacies of a flea or the cells in cork tissue. In its day micrographia was a bestseller, and it received praise from samuel pepys, who stayed up until two in the morning reading the book. The book itself came about in relation to earlier microscopy drawings made by. Robert hooke 16351703 was the great pioneer, but he was not alone. It was the one he used for the observations in his landmark bestseller micrographia. Books by robert hooke national library of medicine. Historic microscope images coloring book historic images volume 1.
Micrographia is a historic book by robert hooke, detailing the then thirtyyearold hookes observations through various lenses. Robert hooke uses the then fairly new microscope to cover many different subjects including insects, plants, organic material, and even the stars and moon, all fully illustrated by hooke in detailed handdrawn diagrams. Robert hooke 16351703 was appointed as the first curator of experiments in 1662 at the newly. Jun 28, 2019 robert hooke, 17th century philosopher scientist, was the first to use the word cell to describe a basic unit of life.
192 1143 174 927 307 491 902 1244 1348 117 518 999 807 1234 1040 1362 1152 931 452 262 1303 1078 1081 768 99 796 202 339 66 952 47 1100 1030 279 531 1146 358 1168